Poul Henningsen
The PH3½-2½ Floor Lamp is part of the family of PH 3-shade lamps, born during the winter of 1925-26 for an exhibition in Copenhagen. In 1926, Poul Henningsen said of this new system: “The real innovation of the PH luminaire is that it produces both glare-free and economical lighting. It is quite easy to create glare-free lighting (indirect light or with a thick shade) if a portion of the light can be wasted. It is also easy to make very efficient lights if you ignore the fact that they are highly irritating to the eyes. But achieving low-cost, glare-free lighting is an art ".
As early as 1925, Poul Henningsen had the idea of using a logarithmic spiral to control the brightness and shade of luminaire light, with each shade equally reducing the amount of light emitted as a function of the distance from the bulb.Â
The brightness transitions between each lampshade were harmonic, the relative size of the lampshades and their positioning was determined by the need to reduce glare, the arrangement of light and the need for light distribution, according to certain principles. remarkably simple.Â
The concept was extremely flexible: not only was it possible to obtain different sizes, but also to shape the light with white, silver or gold surfaces. Designer Poul Henningsen imagined that in a restaurant the light should be warm and intimate and that a gold surface should be used, unlike in a hospital where white surfaces should be used.
PH 3½-2½ – Chrome
PH 3½-2½ – Metallic brass
PH 3½-2½ – Metallic black
The first lights were all made with metal lampshades, then Poul Henningsen developed an opaline glass variant with a sandblasted lower part. The shades let 12% of the light through and help provide ambient lighting in the room, while most of the light is reflected down. For the pendant lights, the sizes of the 3 lampshades respected a ratio of approximately 3/2/1. For the table lamps, the lower shades had to be smaller. This is how the PH 2/1 and PH 3/2 ratios were born.
The PH3½-2½ Floor Lamp has an upper shade of approximately 35cm. The number 3½ refers to this diameter, while the number 2½ refers to the ratio between the large and the two small shades.Â
Materials Mouth-blown white opal glass + spun brass top plate. Base: spun brass. Stem: steel.
Mounting Cable length 2.5m. Switch on cord.
Weight 7.4Â Â kg
Light source 1 x E27
Class Ingress protection IP20. Electric shock protection II w/o ground.
Né à Copenhague, Poul Henningsen avait pour mère la célèbre actrice danoise Agnes Henningsen. Il n’a jamais obtenu son diplôme d’architecte, mais a étudié à l’école technique de Frederiksberg (Danemark) de 1911 à 1914, puis au Technical College de Copenhague (1914-1917).
Il a commencé à pratiquer l'architecture traditionnelle fonctionnaliste, mais au fil des ans, ses intérêts professionnels ont évolué pour se concentrer principalement sur l'éclairage, qui est ce qui le rend le plus célèbre. Il a également étendu son domaine d’activité à des domaines d’écriture, devenant journaliste et auteur. Pendant une courte période au début de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il a été l’architecte en chef des jardins de Tivoli à Copenhague. Mais comme beaucoup d'autres créatifs, il a été contraint de fuir le Danemark pendant l'occupation allemande, puis est rapidement devenu un élément vital de la colonie danoise d'artistes vivant en Suède.
Sa longue collaboration avec Louis Poulsen a commencé en 1925 et a duré jusqu'à sa mort. À ce jour, Louis Poulsen bénéficie toujours de son génie. Poul Henningsen était également le premier rédacteur en chef du magazine d'entreprise «NYT». Le PDG de Louis Poulsen à l’époque, Sophus Kaastrup-Olsen, a offert le magazine à PH parce qu’il avait été licencié du journal danois pour lequel il travaillait (ses opinions étaient trop radicales).
Le travail de pionnier de Poul Henningsen sur les relations entre les structures lumineuses, les ombres, l’éblouissement et la reproduction des couleurs, comparé au besoin de lumière de l’homme, reste le fondement des théories lumineuses encore pratiquées par Louis Poulsen.
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